The United States, New Zealand and Australia are up in arms over the recent decision at the G20 summit to include Canada in the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) due to Canada’s open agricultural subsidy schemes, in particular its programs for Canadian pork production.
The TPP countries – the United States, Australia, New Zealand, Brunei Darussalam, Chile, Malaysia, Peru, Singapore and Vietnam – also voted to include Mexico in the TPP. The nine economies have a combined gross domestic product (GDP) of nearly $17 trillion, a GDP per capita of $33,546 and a population of 505.8 million people.
The inclusion of Canada and Mexico now takes the 11-member TPP group to nearly 30% of global GDP, a substantially larger trading power than the 27-nation European Union (EU) bloc.
While trading power is one element, the TPP goes beyond a traditional trade agreement and deals with behind-the-border impediments to trade and investment. The group serves as a pathfinder to broader regional economic integration, similar to the EU. This ultimately gives it potential to form the basis for free trade across the Asia- Pacific region. The main aim of the TPP negotiations is to eventually include all 21-member economies of the Asia-Pacific Economic Co-operation (APEC) forum.
“Australian pork producers are aware that Canada’s federal and provincial governments bestow countervailable subsidies on the Canadian pig industry.” says Australian Pork Limited CEO Andrew Spencer. “These subsidies cause significant distortions to overseas markets such as Australia, the United States and New Zealand. Domestic subsidy programms are generally not within the scope of free trade agreements. However, in this case, Canadian agricultural subsidies are so wide ranging and have such a broad and far-reaching impact on overseas markets it is on these grounds that we, along with the United States and New Zealand, urge the TPP negotiators and governments to deal with these issues fairly as part of the process.”
“Canada needs to end its federal and provincial hog subsidy programs, which are distorting the North American and world pork markets,” says R.C. Hunt, president of the National Pork Producers Council and a hog farmer from Wilson, NC. “If the United States had a subsidy program similar to Quebec's, for example, we would double pork production in 10 years to the severe detriment of our Canadian counterparts. Subsidy programs are antithetical to free trade and to the spirit of the Trans-Pacific Partnership negotiations that Canada is entering.”
New Zealand Pork CEO Owen Symmans says, “We support safe free trade with appropriate management of biosecurity and food safety risks. However, we are concerned that Canada enters the TPP with federal and provincial government subsidies for the Canadian pig industry in place. The Province of Ontario recently enacted a new countervailable subsidy program called the Risk Management Program that sees Canadian farmers receive a guaranteed return for their pork production. This sort of blatant subsidization places competing pork producers, who do not subsidize their production, at a distinctive disadvantage.”
Australian, New Zealand and U.S. pork producers have pointed out that the Canadian government’s actions are counterproductive to the overarching philosophy of the TPP’s goals and ambitions, and their respective pork organizations are forming a united voice to strongly request national trade representatives involved in the TPP negotiations to address the serious and damaging action by the Canadian government.