Accompanying tables for article: Effects of Dietary Ingredients On Carcass Quality Measures

Researchers: Justin M. Benz; Sara K. Lineen; Joel M. DeRouchey; Mike Tokach; Steve Dritz, DVM; Jim Nelssen; and Robert Goodband, Kansas State University. Contact Benz at (785) 532-1270.

Table 1. Main Effects of Adding Fat to Corn and Sorghum-Based Diets on Growth Performancea

Fat Level Source Gender

Added Choice White Grease
0%

2.5%

5%

Corn

Sorghum

Barrows

Gilts

Day 0 to 83

Average daily gain, lb.
2.03

2.11

2.19

2.05

2.17

2.12

2.09

Average daily feed intake, lb.
5.72

5.79

5.84

5.65

5.91

5.94

5.62

Feed/gain
2.81

2.75

2.67

2.76

2.73

2.81

2.69

aTotal of 116 pigs (initial weight 119.9 lb.) with two pigs/pen and 10 replicates

**Table 1. Main Effects of Adding Fat to Corn and Sorghum-Based Diets on Growth Performancea**
	Fat Level	Source	Gender
Added Choice White Grease	0%	2.5%	5%	Corn	Sorghum	Barrows	Gilts
Day 0 to 83
Average daily gain, lb.	2.03	2.11	2.19	2.05	2.17	2.12	2.09
Average daily feed intake, lb.	5.72	5.79	5.84	5.65	5.91	5.94	5.62
Feed/gain	2.81	2.75	2.67	2.76	2.73	2.81	2.69
aTotal of 116 pigs (initial weight 119.9 lb.) with two pigs/pen and 10 replicates

Table 2. Main Effects of Adding Fat to Corn and Sorghum-Based Diets on Carcass Performance

Fat Level Source Gender

Choice White Grease
0%

2.5%

5%

Corn

Sorghum

Barrows

Gilts

Hot carcass wt., lb.
210.7

214.3

217.2

212.7

215.2

214.8

213.2

Dress, %
72.5

73.2

73.1

73.3

72.5

73.4

72.4

10th-rib backfat, in.b
0.68

0.72

0.78

0.70

0.76

0.75

0.70

Loin depth, in.b
2.41

2.54

2.45

2.47

2.47

2.45

2.48

Last rib backfat, in.b
0.91

0.98

1.00

0.96

0.97

0.97

0.95

Lean, %b
53.6

53.6

52.6

53.6

52.9

52.9

53.6

Backfat iodine value
62.54

66.24

65.94

65.82

63.86

64.70

64.96

Jowl fat iodine value
68.03

69.47

70.48

70.29

68.29

69.51

69.13

Backfat, %
12.50

14.02

13.49

14.37

12.29

13.32

13.30

Jowl fat, %
13.39

13.99

14.19

14.69

12.99

13.95

13.76

Backfat saturated fatty acids, %
41.38

38.72

38.46

39.49

39.67

39.74

39.41

Jowl fat saturated fatty acids, %
36.36

35.29

34.26

35.05

35.60

35.24

35.38

**Table 2. Main Effects of Adding Fat to Corn and Sorghum-Based Diets on Carcass Performance**
	Fat Level	Source	Gender
Choice White Grease	0%	2.5%	5%	Corn	Sorghum	Barrows	Gilts
Hot carcass wt., lb.	210.7	214.3	217.2	212.7	215.2	214.8	213.2
Dress, %	72.5	73.2	73.1	73.3	72.5	73.4	72.4
10th-rib backfat, in.b	0.68	0.72	0.78	0.70	0.76	0.75	0.70
Loin depth, in.b	2.41	2.54	2.45	2.47	2.47	2.45	2.48
Last rib backfat, in.b	0.91	0.98	1.00	0.96	0.97	0.97	0.95
Lean, %b	53.6	53.6	52.6	53.6	52.9	52.9	53.6
Backfat iodine value	62.54	66.24	65.94	65.82	63.86	64.70	64.96
Jowl fat iodine value	68.03	69.47	70.48	70.29	68.29	69.51	69.13
Backfat, %	12.50	14.02	13.49	14.37	12.29	13.32	13.30
Jowl fat, %	13.39	13.99	14.19	14.69	12.99	13.95	13.76
Backfat saturated fatty acids, %	41.38	38.72	38.46	39.49	39.67	39.74	39.41
Jowl fat saturated fatty acids, %	36.36	35.29	34.26	35.05	35.60	35.24	35.38

Table 3. Effects of Dried Distiller's Grain with Solubles (DDGS), Extruded Expelled Soybean Meal (EESM) and Choice White Grease (CWG) on Growth Performancea

Item Control EESM EESM+DDGS DDGS+CWGe Low CWG High
CWG

Day 0 to 82

Average daily gain, lb. 2.08b 2.07b 1.83c 2.00bc 2.04bc 2.18b

Average daily feed intake, lb. 6.37b 5.98c 5.54d 5.92c 5.75cd 5.86cd

Feed/gain 3.17c 2.95bc 2.65b 3.00c 2.88bc 2.74b

aTotal of 120 pigs (initial weight 105.7 lb.) with 10 observations per treatment
bcdTreatments with different superscripts differ P<0.05
eChoice White Grease

**Table 3. Effects of Dried Distiller's Grain with Solubles (DDGS), Extruded Expelled Soybean Meal (EESM) and Choice White Grease (CWG) on Growth Performancea**
Item	Control	EESM	EESM+DDGS	DDGS+CWGe	Low CWG	High CWG
Day 0 to 82
Average daily gain, lb.	2.08b	2.07b	1.83c	2.00bc	2.04bc	2.18b
Average daily feed intake, lb.	6.37b	5.98c	5.54d	5.92c	5.75cd	5.86cd
Feed/gain	3.17c	2.95bc	2.65b	3.00c	2.88bc	2.74b
aTotal of 120 pigs (initial weight 105.7 lb.) with 10 observations per treatment bcdTreatments with different superscripts differ P<0.05 eChoice White Grease

Table 4. Effects of Dried Distiller's Grain with Solubles (DDGS), Extruded Expelled Soybean Meal (EESM) and Choice White Grease (CWG) on Carcass Performancea

Item Control EESM EESM+DDGS DDGS+CWGe Low CWG High CWG

Loin depth, in. 2.00bc 2.00bc 2.13bc 2.08bc 1.93b 2.19c

Lean, % 50.8 50.9 51.2 51.1 50.6 51.3

Dress, % 73.0 71.7 72.0 73.0 73.1 73.0

Last rib backfat, in 0.94 0.90 0.88 0.94 0.92 0.97

10th-rib backfat, in 0.82 0.78 0.82 0.79 0.78 0.83

Backfat iodine value 59.92b 64.99c 70.78d 69.34d 62.11b 61.82b

Jowl iodine value 64.60b 68.80d 72.30f 70.16e 66.25c 67.09cd

Backfat, % 11.20b 14.48c 18.44d 17.32d 11.80b 11.36b

Jowl, % 11.02b 13.82c 16.17d 14.90cd 11.61b 11.86b

Backfat saturated, fatty acids, % 42.83b 41.06c 38.43b 38.48b 41.03c 40.78c

Jowl saturated fatty acids, % 37.43e 36.07c 34.41b 35.18bc 36.26d 35.48cd

aTotal of 110 pigs
bcdefTreatments with different superscripts differ, P<0.05
eChoice White Grease

**Table 4. Effects of Dried Distiller's Grain with Solubles (DDGS), Extruded Expelled Soybean Meal (EESM) and Choice White Grease (CWG) on Carcass Performancea**
Item	Control	EESM	EESM+DDGS	DDGS+CWGe	Low CWG	High CWG
Loin depth, in.	2.00bc	2.00bc	2.13bc	2.08bc	1.93b	2.19c
Lean, %	50.8	50.9	51.2	51.1	50.6	51.3
Dress, %	73.0	71.7	72.0	73.0	73.1	73.0
Last rib backfat, in	0.94	0.90	0.88	0.94	0.92	0.97
10th-rib backfat, in	0.82	0.78	0.82	0.79	0.78	0.83
Backfat iodine value	59.92b	64.99c	70.78d	69.34d	62.11b	61.82b
Jowl iodine value	64.60b	68.80d	72.30f	70.16e	66.25c	67.09cd
Backfat, %	11.20b	14.48c	18.44d	17.32d	11.80b	11.36b
Jowl, %	11.02b	13.82c	16.17d	14.90cd	11.61b	11.86b
Backfat saturated, fatty acids, %	42.83b	41.06c	38.43b	38.48b	41.03c	40.78c
Jowl saturated fatty acids, %	37.43e	36.07c	34.41b	35.18bc	36.26d	35.48cd
aTotal of 110 pigs bcdefTreatments with different superscripts differ, P<0.05 eChoice White Grease

Table 5. Effects of Increasing DDGS on Grow-Finish Pig Performance and Carcass Characteristicsa

DDGS, %

Item 0 5 10 15 20

Day 0 to 78

Average daily gain, lb. 2.03 2.02 2.02 1.98 1.95

Average daily feed intake, lb. 5.27 5.11 5.22 5.09 5.05

Feed/gain 2.60 2.53 2.59 2.58 2.59

Slaughter weight, lb.b 259.9 259.7 259.6 256.7 256.7

Carcass weight, lb. 196.7 195.9 195.4 193.1 192.7

Yield, % 75.67 75.46 75.39 75.22 75.06

Backfat, in.c 0.73 0.74 0.72 0.71 0.71

Loin depth, in.c 2.31 2.30 2.29 2.26 2.27

FFLI, %cd 49.34 49.45 49.53 49.70 49.65

aA total of 1,112 pigs (initially 110 lb.) with 25 to 28 pigs/pen and nine replications/treatment
bWeight determined at slaughter plant
cData analyzed using carcass weight as a covariate
dFat-free lean index

**Table 5. Effects of Increasing DDGS on Grow-Finish Pig Performance and Carcass Characteristicsa**
	DDGS, %
Day 0 to 78
Average daily gain, lb.	2.03	2.02	2.02	1.98	1.95
Average daily feed intake, lb.	5.27	5.11	5.22	5.09	5.05
Feed/gain	2.60	2.53	2.59	2.58	2.59
Slaughter weight, lb.b	259.9	259.7	259.6	256.7	256.7
Carcass weight, lb.	196.7	195.9	195.4	193.1	192.7
Yield, %	75.67	75.46	75.39	75.22	75.06
Backfat, in.c	0.73	0.74	0.72	0.71	0.71
Loin depth, in.c	2.31	2.30	2.29	2.26	2.27
FFLI, %cd	49.34	49.45	49.53	49.70	49.65
aA total of 1,112 pigs (initially 110 lb.) with 25 to 28 pigs/pen and nine replications/treatment bWeight determined at slaughter plant cData analyzed using carcass weight as a covariate dFat-free lean index

Table 6. Effects of Increasing DDGS on Fat Quality of Topped Pigsa

DDGS, %

Item 0 5 10 15 20

Iodine value, g./100g.

Backfat 67.9 69.3 71.8 72.3 72.3

Jowl fat 69.3 70.3 70.3 71.3 72.9

Belly fat 67.5 69.6 70.8 72.0 73.8

Fatty acids, %

Backfat 13.7 15.2 16.5 17.5 17.6

Jowl fat 13.0 13.9 14.1 15.4 15.8

Belly fat 13.3 14.8 15.8 17.3 17.9

Saturated fatty acids, %

Backfat 36.1 35.1 34.4 34.6 33.7

Jowl fat 33.8 33.6 33.9 33.9 32.5

Belly fat 36.2 35.4 35.1 35.1 33.7

aMeans represent six observations (pigs)/treatment.

**Table 6. Effects of Increasing DDGS on Fat Quality of Topped Pigsa**
	DDGS, %
Iodine value, g./100g.
Backfat	67.9	69.3	71.8	72.3	72.3
Jowl fat	69.3	70.3	70.3	71.3	72.9
Belly fat	67.5	69.6	70.8	72.0	73.8
Fatty acids, %
Backfat	13.7	15.2	16.5	17.5	17.6
Jowl fat	13.0	13.9	14.1	15.4	15.8
Belly fat	13.3	14.8	15.8	17.3	17.9
Saturated fatty acids, %
Backfat	36.1	35.1	34.4	34.6	33.7
Jowl fat	33.8	33.6	33.9	33.9	32.5
Belly fat	36.2	35.4	35.1	35.1	33.7
aMeans represent six observations (pigs)/treatment.

Table 7. Effects of Increasing DDGS o n Fat Qualitya

DDGS, % Gender

Item 0 5 10 15 20 Barrows Gilts

Iodine Value, g./100g.

Backfat 68.3 70.0 71.2 72.4 72.8 70.7 71.1

Jowl fat 70.7 70.8 71.9 72.6 73.8 71.6 72.3

Belly fat 70.2 71.5 72.4 73.3 74.5 71.8 72.9

Fatty acids, %

Backfat 14.0 14.9 15.8 17.1 17.6 15.6 16.2

Jowl fat 14.1 14.0 14.9 15.6 16.5 15.0 15.1

Belly fat 14.5 15.3 16.3 16.8 17.9 15.9 16.5

Saturated fatty acids, %

Backfat 36.0 35.0 34.5 34.4 34.5 34.9 34.9

Jowl fat 33.3 33.1 32.8 32.7 32.3 33.2 32.5

Belly fat 34.4 33.8 33.7 33.2 32.9 33.9 33.3

aMeans represent 18 observations (pigs)/treatment.