Just the Facts: Ethanol Ate Our Lunch

I am a pretty black and white, “Just the facts, Ma’am” type of guy.  Part of that is my nature and part of it is the fact that I stayed in school long enough that they gave me a fancy degree if I would just go away.  That’s not completely accurate but may be closer than I want to admit.

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I am a pretty black and white, “Just the facts, Ma’am” type of guy.  Part of that is my nature and part of it is the fact that I stayed in school long enough that they gave me a fancy degree if I would just go away.  That’s not completely accurate but may be closer than I want to admit.

The scientific method is, well, methodical.  It forces investigators to identify problems, gather facts and synthesize explanations and implications, ideally without personal bias interjected into the proceedings. I hardly ever trust anyone who claims to be unbiased since we all have our biases about many, many things. At best, I believe I can only claim to try to be objective in the face of my biases and I will tell you what those biases are up-front as best I can. I’m not sure anyone can do much more than that.

All of this is offered to make the case that I can be a cold, hard facts person. Most of the time I can remove emotion from the equation. That is not always the case, but I think I’m reasonably good at taking objective views of matters in the “dismal science” of economics.

And then something like the letter I received last week comes along.

The profit situation for hog producers is dire, as all of you know all too well. CME Group futures for Lean Hogs (LH), Corn and Soybean Meal as of mid-morning on Monday, Sept.10, imply 2012 full-year losses averaging $14.60 per head and 2013 full-year losses averaging $19.19 per head. The 2012 figures include some losses this fall over $45/head. The 2013 figures include NO profitable months even with summer 2013 LH futures over $97.

Some think this situation will be the worst for big operations that buy all, or virtually all, of their feed. And there are some that may even think those companies (and/or family farms that have grown huge) might just deserve what they are getting. We need to be very careful about both.

The letter I got last week was from a small Missouri producer. He sent a copy of an article that was published last year that included a couple of quotes from me. I usually hate it when people start a comment with “Remember when you said . . .,” or, “I saw an article you wrote last year  . . .” Very seldom are the next lines complimentary of my intelligence. It comes with the territory, I suppose.

This article was titled, “Livestock Producers Fear Ethanol Eating their Lunch by Gobbling up Too Much Corn.” The producer had circled or underlined several passages that addressed corn usage, the impact that a short crop might have, etc. Two circled passages were from me:

“If we get a short crop, the ethanol industry does not participate in rationing and the brunt will fall on livestock and poultry.”

“A 20% decline in the harvest would be enough to force corn rationing and lead to feed shortages. That would leave livestock farmers with little choice. We can’t shut down feeding. The only way to do that is to kill the animals.”

Let me first clarify a couple of things. First, the sentence should have said, “The ethanol industry cannot fully participate in rationing.” Make no mistake, the ethanol sector is cutting back, but it will do so only as far as the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) and the RINS (credits for past blending above the required levels) it has generated allow.  Why not let the market decide that?

Second, “rationing” here was meant to imply that the market would work to spread available supplies over time, not that some government program would kick in to say who gets what. We will not run out of corn or soybeans as a country, but there will be places where shortages occur and life could be tough if you are in one of them.

And it has all come true this year. This producer wrote about selling his cattle and sows recently and seeing two other nearby farmers at the buying station on the day he shipped the sows. It’s not just the big guys getting hurt.

I have no idea how much education this producer has, but the real meaning of this situation did not escape him. He wrote: “Hamburger and sausage will be $10 a pound next year. Only the rich will be able to eat meat. I think ethanol already ate our lunch.”

And yet we are accused by the ethanol lobby of being opportunists who are using the drought as an excuse to tear down ethanol policy.  I’m not sure how that can be true when most of us have said the same thing for years: Put all buyers of corn on an equal footing and let the market decide where corn will go. This year, that market would still put 4 billion-plus bushels of corn into ethanol. But the market would allow that usage to fall if oil and gasoline prices move lower. The RFS limits the extent of such a decrease even with RINS available. 

My favorite from the e-lobby is this one, “The government shouldn’t be deciding winner and losers.” I believe it already has and my letter-writing friend from Missouri is one of the losers. Sadly, he has a lot of company. Many with limited means may join his ranks. Beans, anyone?

Discuss this Article 16

Anonymous (not verified)
on Sep 10, 2012

A very biased opinion from a paid to be biased author, the truth is there are a number of operations who have been agressively hedging and have had very profitable returns.
There also is another segment of producers out here who we have heard little from, that would be corn producers without livestock who have been paying rents of $300-$500 an acre and buying land at prices above $10,000 an acre who don't want to see $2 - $3 corn again.
Lets refrain from falling into the old trap of pitting one segment of agriculture against another.

Anonymous (not verified)
on Sep 10, 2012

so we make ethanol and we feed the by products to cattle hogs which is still about the same as we feed them anyway plus we get the ethanol. other wise we feed the corn and the price of gas goes up $1.00-$I.20 more per gallon , the farmers can not afford that either as well as the everyday job people, it will put farmers out of business because we can't afford to raise corn for $3.50 anymore because of fertilizer costs and seed costs , equipment costs, fuel costs are so high, the family farm will be gone and we will have corparate farms and then we will have Walmart all over in our food industry. the big guys are not going to get huirt by all thsi it is the little guys , more intervention if the markets sustain the business then let it happen i guess the more the Gov't touches the more it is completely rediculousand screwed up nobody was complaining when we produced it cheaply and farmers were going out of business, now we finally get a chance to make some money and everybody is crying, i am not going to make anything because my crop was hit way to hard by the drought and there will be very little grain, i have to sustain that and yet others seem to think they can dictate where and what the crop is used for, pretty sad if you ask me . we couldn't make money for years raising a crop ans now it is terrible that those that have a crop are going to be forced to take a lower price because you want to take away some of the market

Anonymous (not verified)
on Sep 14, 2012

I think all of you miss the big picture here....is it really about corn farmers or hog farmers making money? ....or is it about the average consumer not being able to afford to feed their family due to increased food prices..inflated fr

Anonymous (not verified)
on Sep 14, 2012

I think all of you miss the big picture here....is it really about corn farmers or hog farmers making money? ....or is it about the average consumer not being able to afford to feed their family due to increased food prices..inflated from a government mandate for renewable fuels?.. Corn is the basis of the food supply of the world....period. And if you think or believe that the RFS Is not the most important single factor of corn prices over the last 4 years, then it makes no difference. The only people in this country that think mandated ethanol is a good idea are people that believe in more government and the corn farmers.
I believe we are still the greatest and most powerful country in the world. I think so, not because we have the most powerful military in the world but because of our ability to feed ourselves and the rest of the world. When we lose that advantage,I believe we start to loose our power as a country.

Anonymous (not verified)
on Sep 10, 2012

if it is so easy for the livestock producer to raise their own grain then why aren't they raising enough to feed what they raise , maybe we need Gov't control on those that raise livestock if you can't feed with your own acres the livestock then you can't raise them and they go to market at what ever weight they are

Anonymous (not verified)
on Sep 10, 2012

I raise hogs and I see nothing wrong with the mandate we had excellent hog prices for years they should of save some of that profits. I did not hear hog farmers complain when they were buying corn under the cost of production. Time to put on big boy pants and ride it out it will turn around

Anonymous (not verified)
on Sep 14, 2012

So is a majority of your income from your hogs or grain production?

Anonymous (not verified)
on Sep 11, 2012

Look into the amount of corn coming back from ethanol as brewers grain, I've heard as high as 90 %. My local feed mill uses LOADS of this in hog rations.

Anonymous (not verified)
on Sep 14, 2012

One third of the corn used for ethanol comes back as DDGs. And while cattle can use DDGs heavily, too much in a hog diet makes for poor fat quality.

LexAnderson
on Sep 13, 2012

the government may have the right but not fully.

Anonymous (not verified)
on Sep 14, 2012

I do believe we should let the markets for all commodities seek their own levels ( absent any govt. subsidy ) unfortunately this is not going to happen. So, do we subsidize all agriculture enterprise?

HaroldH (not verified)
on Sep 14, 2012

If ethanol can pay more for corn than food producers over time, then fine, let the market work tha out. What is wrong is the mandate which forces a portion of the crop to go to energy rather than food. Remove the mandate and let the ethanol industry stand on its own.

No errors/heirs (not verified)
on Sep 15, 2012

The easiest way for the hog producer to survive in this environment is to become a grain producer. With today's genetics and no-till production it isn't hard or time consuming. The crop protection products can be applied by your local coop. The large integrators are already working at controlling corn through grain buying/pricing programs that obligate bushels to their channels. The marriage or diversification of corn and hog production will spread risk and that fact alone makes you a great candidate for renting ground. Your competion focus should no longer be ethanol. The plants aren"t going away, they won that battle. Compete for acres. This can be the next "David and Goliath" story. You are David and the large grain farner down the road has goliathed on record profits since 2007. You can force the competition that will raise production cost and slim his margins. When prices do drop below the price of production you are walking the corn off your farm.

Anonymous (not verified)
on Sep 17, 2012

It's a little disingenuous for the corn industry to complain about ANYTHING! They have an opinion that they are the entitled class. 1) No tax on farm use fuel-Really?, 2) A crop insurance plan subsidized by the tax payer at 62% 3) A tax system that allows tremendous capital accumulation without paying federal and state tax 3) Supports like the ethanol industry which pits fuel against food and in the whole scheme of things is an environmental disaster with minimal net energy production. Its a system that can't fail and contributes to the future mega farms.

Anonymous (not verified)
on Sep 19, 2012

Why is there so little talk among hog producers regarding risk management. Everyone knows we are in uncharted territory with extreme volatility. Also, let's focus on the real issue here, it's the drought, it's not ethanol. It is reasonable to assume that market conditions for corn would much different even if ethanol wasn't in the equation. Let the market work and all player participants should beware. It wasn't long ago, in fact earlier this year, that articles were written by predominant hog economists suggesting that pork producers were outbidding ethanol facilities for corn. In fact Dr. Chris Hurt's said it here: Watch this video: http://www.swinecast.com/dr-chris-hurt-global-feed-economics-a-biofuel-w...

Anonymous (not verified)
on Sep 20, 2012

Some years are better for the grain farmer and some are better for the livestock guys. When corn was $2-3 per bushel and the shoe was on the other foot I'm sure grain farmers wrote the same type of article. The market will work itself out. Everything happens in cycles. Ethanol has been a positive thing for American Agriculture, let's not blackball it because of one drought year. All of you hog guys had a chance to contract corn at $5 and you got greedy and didn't do it. Put on your big boy pants and ride it out.

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